Application of Brinell hardness tester

The Brinell hardness tester is mainly used for the hardness test of forged steel and cast iron with uneven structure. The Brinell hardness of forged steel and gray cast iron has a good correspondence with the tensile test. The Brinell hardness test can also be used for non-ferrous metals and mild steel. The small-diameter ball indenter can measure small sizes and thin materials. Brinell hardness testers are mostly used for the detection of raw materials and semi-finished products. Due to the large indentation, they are generally not used for the detection of finished products.

The selection of the Brinell hardness test conditions is the same as the selection of the scale of the Rockwell hardness test. The Brinell hardness test also encounters the choice of test conditions, that is, the selection of the test force F and the indenter ball diameter D. This choice is not arbitrary, but must follow certain rules, and pay attention to the reasonable combination of test force and indenter ball diameter, which is slightly more complicated to apply than the Rockwell hardness test. The most commonly used test conditions for the Brinell hardness test are a ball indenter with a diameter of 10 mm and a test force of 3000 kg. This condition can best reflect the characteristics of Brinell hardness. However, due to different sample materials, different hardness, different sample size and thickness, one test force and one indenter cannot meet the requirements. There are two rules to be followed in the selection of test force and indenter ball diameter.

Rule 1: Make the ratio of the test force and the square of the diameter of the ball indenter a constant. which is. This rule is derived from the law of similarity. According to the law of similarity, the ball indenters D1, D2 of different diameters are pressed into the sample surface under the action of different test forces F1, F2, the indentation diameters d1, d2 are different, but as long as the indentation angle is the same, the indentation Similarity. At this time, the ratio of the test force to the square of the indenter ball diameter is a constant. Under this condition, using different test forces and different diameter ball indenters, the hardness values ​​measured on the same sample are the same, and the hardness values ​​measured on different samples can be compared with each other. The ratio of the test force to the square of the indenter ball diameter is expressed as F / D2 in the old standard using kilogram force. It is expressed as 0.102 F / D2 in the new standard using Newtonian force.

Rule 2: After the test, the indentation diameter should be in the following range: 0.24D <d <0.6D. Otherwise, the test result is invalid, you should choose the appropriate test force to re-test. A large number of tests have shown that when the indenter diameter is between 0.24D and 0.6D, the measured hardness value has nothing to do with the test force. The Brinell hardness test can be selected from 3000kg to 1kg with about 20 levels.

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