ã€Chinese Packaging Network News】 Breathability is a key performance indicator that determines whether a fabric is comfortable or not. In this article, the Labthink TQD-G1 permeability tester was used to evaluate the breathability of a fabric used for clothing, and the testing process was briefly described. The paper covers equipment parameters, application scope, and other relevant information, which can serve as a reference for breathability testing in the textile industry.
**1. Definition of Breathability**
Breathability refers to the ability of air to pass through a material, particularly porous materials such as textiles, sponges, and leathers. For fabrics, breathability depends on factors like the number of warp and weft yarns, the size and number of fiber gaps, the density of the weave, the twist of the yarns, fiber properties, yarn structure, and fabric thickness. Different applications require different levels of breathability. For example, parachute fabrics need precise control of air permeability—too much air may prevent inflation, while too little can lead to instability or even rupture. Carpets require higher breathability, while garments must balance breathability for comfort, with summer clothes needing higher air flow for cooling, and winter jackets requiring lower permeability to enhance insulation. Therefore, appropriate breathability is essential for optimal fabric performance.
**2. Current Testing Methods**
Currently, two main methods are used to measure air permeability: the constant flow differential pressure method and the constant pressure differential flow method. For fabric testing, the constant pressure differential flow method is commonly used, following the standard GB/T 5453-1997 titled "Determination of Breathability of Textile Fabrics."
**3. Test Sample**
A specific brand of fabric material was used for the test.
**4. Testing Equipment**
The TQD-G1 Air Permeability Tester, independently developed by Jinan Languang Electromechanical Technology Co., Ltd., was used in this study.
**4.1 Testing Principles**
The TQD-G1 allows for two testing methods:
- **Constant Flow Differential Pressure Method**: After clamping the sample, the airflow is maintained at a constant rate, and the pressure difference across the sample is measured to calculate air resistance.
- **Constant Pressure Differential Flow Method**: The pressure is adjusted to create a fixed pressure difference, and the air flow through the sample over a set time is measured to determine permeability.
**4.2 Application Areas**
The TQD-G1 is suitable for various materials, including:
- Automotive interior components (polyurethane, PVC, leather, textiles, non-wovens)
- Polymer porous elastic materials (e.g., sponges)
- Textile materials (fabrics, non-wovens)
- Leather materials
- Paper products (e.g., daily paper, roll paper)
It complies with international standards such as ISO 9237, ISO 4638, ASTM D737, and others.
**4.3 Equipment Specifications**
- Differential pressure range: 0–1 kPa
- Flow measurement range: 0–1800 L/h
- Supports both constant pressure and constant flow methods
- High-precision sensors ensure accurate results
- Microcomputer-controlled system with LCD display and user-friendly interface
**5. Testing Procedure**
1. Cut 10 specimens with a diameter of 12 cm from the fabric surface.
2. Clamp each specimen onto the permeability tester.
3. Adjust the pressure control valve until the desired pressure difference is reached, then record the airflow.
4. Repeat the process for all 10 samples.
**6. Test Results**
The air permeability values for the 10 samples were as follows:
13.15 L/min, 13.36 L/min, 13.60 L/min, 13.13 L/min, 13.11 L/min, 13.29 L/min, 13.53 L/min, 13.48 L/min, 13.29 L/min, and 13.35 L/min.
**7. Conclusion**
Breathability is a critical property of fabrics, directly affecting their overall performance. This study demonstrated the use of the TQD-G1 permeability tester to evaluate the breathability of garment fabric, highlighting its cost-effectiveness, wide applicability, ease of use, and high accuracy. Labthink continues to provide professional packaging testing solutions globally, covering a broad range of properties such as barrier performance, tensile strength, puncture resistance, friction, impact, tear resistance, and sealing performance. For more details, visit our website or contact us directly. The more you know, the more you trust. Labthink looks forward to building stronger technical partnerships with users across industries.
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