Tensile testing is a destructive method used to evaluate the mechanical properties of materials. The process begins by extracting a sample from the site, ensuring it is at least 20cm x 20cm in size. This sample is then cut using a mechanical die to prepare it for testing. Alternatively, the test piece can be molded directly on-site using a 50cm x 50cm mold, provided the thickness meets the design specifications.
The prepared sample is shaped into a dumbbell-shaped specimen, as shown in Figure 1.2.28 labeled as “A,†or alternatively as a “B†shape. Once the specimens are ready, they must be stored at a constant temperature of 23°C for 24 hours to ensure consistency. After this conditioning period, the tensile test is conducted on a universal testing machine. The machine stretches the specimen at a rate of 100 mm/min until failure occurs, while simultaneously recording the stress-strain curve for analysis.
If the synthetic material consists of a single-component dehydrated silicone rubber, it must be allowed to dry for at least 14 days before the test is performed. If the initial test does not meet the required standards, the procedure should be repeated with similar specimens after an additional 14 days of curing.
The results of the tensile test must comply with the requirements set by the International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF). For non-porous synthetic surfaces, the minimum tensile strength at break should be at least 0.5 MPa, while for porous surfaces, the minimum tensile force at break must be no less than 0.4 MPa. These standards ensure that the material is suitable for its intended use and meets safety and performance criteria.
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