Exploring the toy market in the Song Dynasty: there are specialized hand workshops for wholesale and retail separation

Huang Yaming

Song Jiang and Lu Junyi, riding horses in the city of Tokyo, "I saw a man in the market, holding a thing in his hand, two clever sticks, wearing a small rope in the middle, holding it by hand, the thing will ring." Song Jiang asked this is awkward, the man answered: Hu knocked.

The knock is a "drum", a toy that uses a gyro to rotate on a balance ring to make a sound. The clever stick is a short stick that plays the bell, and the small cord is a short rope between two short sticks.

In the Song Dynasty, toys have become popular goods. In Li Wei's "The Vendor Map", a group of baby, happy, welcomes the seller. The smugglers smashed the drums, played the board, and sang "Golden Songs". The drums were like toys. In the Northern Song Dynasty, Shang Wenying wrote "Jade Pot Qinghua", saying that the early Song Dynasty general and the ambassador made Cao Bin. When he was a child, his father and mother "had to play with him" and watched him take it. Cao Bin grabbed the left hand, took the cockroach and the beans in the right hand (two kinds of ritual rituals), and took another seal after a while... It seems to be born by nature. In the Song Dynasty, "Wan Xiu Niu Qiu Bao Shan Ting Er" describes the sale of toys. A young man named Xiao Ge is lazy. Some people can't look at the past and ask him to enter some "mountain pavilions" (mud scenery, Buy small toys such as buildings and figures. He brother picked up two bags and took two or three hundred yuan to go to Jiaojijia in Jiaojizhuang, and wholesaled toys such as Shantinger, Yier, Baotaer, Shiqiaoer, Pingfeng, and figures. Then I sold a few good styles of mountain pavilions.

This shows that, first, the toys of the Song Dynasty are children's love, and they become children's custom in the festival; secondly, the toys such as Shantinger have specialized hand workshops and are divided into different grades; third, the wholesale and retail of toys are separated.

The toy market in the Song Dynasty was large in scale and full of varieties. For example, small silver guns, chessboards, chess, horses, scorpions, scorpions, scorpions, scorpions, scorpions, kites , buckets, woven pots, shadows, etc. "Wulin Old Things" said that those high-end toys, the material is "passing grass and grass", "carving is the story of the building," and the top is decorated with pearls and jade, very beautiful, a selling price "tens of thousands (money)", extremely cattle fork .

There is a kind of small plastic earth couple, commonly known as "mud baby", which is delicate and has different sizes. It can be worn by men and women. The people like it. The southerners call it "Qiaoer." Suzhou Mubab is a famous brand. There is a "baby lane" in Hangzhou, playing with mud and children, and visitors to the West Lake, do not buy Suzhou mud children have no face ("Huhai News Yi Jian continued Zhi").

The mud boy made by someone in the Northern Song Dynasty in Shaanxi, a small two or three inches, but a big one, but a graceful gesture, no one surpasses. A mud babe sells for 10 baht, 5~7 mud babe combination toys, asking for 30 thousand. In the Southern Song Dynasty, there was a Yuan Yuchang in Wu County, and the clay child was the first in the world. A pair of clay children about six or seven inches high, worth thirty or forty feet, teeth, eyebrows, hair, clothes, pleated skirts, etc., are full of life, lifelike.

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